This research was carried out under the Green and Inclusive Energy (GIE) programme1 funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and implemented by Hivos, ENERGIA, the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) and national partner civil society organisations. The research aims to support the GIE countries and the global team with evidence on finance delivery models, particularly subsidy focused, to feed into their advocacy efforts. This study shares key findings from field research and stakeholder interviews led by Practical Action Nepal’s team working under the GIE programme.