While Results-Based Financing (RBF) has played a critical role in expanding energy access, many programmes continue to focus primarily on sales, with limited visibility into sustained consumer outcomes such as ongoing usage, affordability, and system ownership.

The guidance proposes embedding two widely used industry KPIs – Repayment Rate (RR) and Customer Ownership Rate (OR) – across the RBF lifecycle. These metrics, already used by companies, investors, and data service providers, offer practical and scalable proxies for sustained energy access and financial performance. By aligning RBF design with these KPIs, funders can improve incentive structures, enhance monitoring and evaluation, and better align with market actors.

Drawing on industry consultation and emerging RBF practices, the Guidance Note provides a structured overview of how these metrics can be adopted, including a menu of options for incorporating repayment-linked incentives, considerations for subsidy design, and key trade-offs to manage. It also highlights opportunities to leverage existing data systems and digital monitoring platforms to minimise additional reporting burdens.